Mercury in fish: is it dangerous to eat tuna in Luxembourg?

A recent parliamentary document sheds light on the current problem of mercury contamination of seafood, especially tuna. Despite the absence of alarm bells within the EU's Rapid Alert System (RASFF), attention to this issue remains high. A detailed analysis shows how Luxembourg is adapting to European recommendations and responding to the challenges of global food safety.

However, non-profit organisations (NPOs) have repeatedly stated the risks associated with methylmercury in seafood. These claims are supported by authoritative sources, including EFSA and the national agencies of France (ANSES) and Germany (BfR). Mercury compounds are particularly dangerous for pregnant women and children, as mercury negatively affects the development of the nervous system. This clearly emphasises that the problem is not only of scientific but also of social importance.

As of November 2024, Luxembourg has no reported cases of mercury exceedances in canned tuna or other seafood. However, the country is actively prepared for possible crises. If contamination is detected, the ALVA agency initiates a product recall and informs consumers via a mobile app and the LU-Alert portal.

Notably, prior to 2022, monitoring of animal products was limited and seafood was not always in focus. Since the establishment of ALVA, efforts in this area have increased significantly. In line with the EU 2022/1342 recommendations, mercury in fish, shellfish and crustaceans is now routinely investigated. However, large-scale testing remains a challenge for a small country, especially in comparison to larger EU members such as France or Germany, where monitoring capabilities are much more extensive.

Despite the seemingly calm trend, mercury pollution is a global problem that requires a concerted effort to address. Luxembourg is showing progress in protecting its citizens, but maximising effectiveness will require not only local but also international coordination.